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Cyperaceae taxon details

Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult.

To Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Eleocharis acicularis K000881795 type 1)
To Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Eleocharis acicularis K000881795 type 1)

593122  (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:593122)

  1. Biota
  2. Plantae (Kingdom)
  3. Viridiplantae (Subkingdom)
  4. Streptophyta (Infrakingdom)
  5. Tracheophyta (Phylum (Division))
  6. Spermatophytina (Subphylum (Subdivision))
  7. Magnoliopsida (Class)
  8. Lilianae (Superorder)
  9. Poales (Order)
  10. Cyperaceae (Family)
  11. Eleocharideae (Tribe)
  12. Eleocharis (Genus)
  13. Eleocharis acicularis (Species)
accepted
Species

Ordering

  • Alphabetically
  • By status

Children Display

  1. Variety Eleocharis acicularis var. acicularis
  2. Variety Eleocharis acicularis var. porcata S.G.Sm.
  3. Forma Eleocharis acicularis f. acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult. accepted as Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult.
  4. Forma Eleocharis acicularis f. filiformis Osten accepted as Eleocharis bonariensis Nees
  5. Forma Eleocharis acicularis f. fluitans (Döll) Svenson accepted as Eleocharis acicularis var. acicularis
  6. Forma Eleocharis acicularis f. inundata Svenson accepted as Eleocharis acicularis var. acicularis
  7. Forma Eleocharis acicularis f. longiseta (Svenson) T.Koyama accepted as Eleocharis yokoscensis (Franch. & Sav.) Tang & F.T.Wang
  8. Forma Eleocharis acicularis f. occidentalis (Svenson) Beetle accepted as Eleocharis acicularis var. acicularis
  9. Forma Eleocharis acicularis f. rigidula (Rchb.) Svenson accepted as Eleocharis acicularis var. acicularis
  10. Forma Eleocharis acicularis f. submersa Druce accepted as Eleocharis acicularis var. acicularis
  11. Forma Eleocharis acicularis f. submersa (Nilsson) Norman accepted as Eleocharis acicularis var. acicularis
  12. Forma Eleocharis acicularis f. submersa Ostenf. accepted as Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult.
  13. Forma Eleocharis acicularis f. triangularis (Reinsch) Svenson accepted as Eleocharis acicularis var. acicularis
  14. Subspecies Eleocharis acicularis subsp. bonariensis (Nees) Osten accepted as Eleocharis bonariensis Nees
  15. Subspecies Eleocharis acicularis subsp. yokoscensis (Franch. & Sav.) T.V.Egorova accepted as Eleocharis yokoscensis (Franch. & Sav.) Tang & F.T.Wang
  16. Variety Eleocharis acicularis var. bella Piper accepted as Eleocharis bella (Piper) Svenson
  17. Variety Eleocharis acicularis var. elongata Benth. accepted as Eleocharis pusilla R.Br.
  18. Variety Eleocharis acicularis var. fluitans Döll accepted as Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult.
  19. Variety Eleocharis acicularis var. gracilescens Svenson accepted as Eleocharis acicularis var. acicularis
  20. Variety Eleocharis acicularis var. lilliputiana Speg. accepted as Eleocharis bonariensis Nees
  21. Variety Eleocharis acicularis var. lindheimeri C.B.Clarke ex Britton accepted as Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult.
  22. Variety Eleocharis acicularis var. longiseta Svenson accepted as Eleocharis yokoscensis (Franch. & Sav.) Tang & F.T.Wang
  23. Variety Eleocharis acicularis var. minima Torr. accepted as Eleocharis bella (Piper) Svenson
  24. Variety Eleocharis acicularis var. occidentalis Svenson accepted as Eleocharis acicularis var. acicularis
  25. Variety Eleocharis acicularis var. radicans Britton accepted as Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult.
  26. Variety Eleocharis acicularis var. submersa (Nilsson) Svenson accepted as Eleocharis acicularis var. acicularis
  27. Variety Eleocharis acicularis var. typica Svenson accepted as Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult.
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
(of Scirpus acicularis L.) Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas ad genera relatas cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Vol 1. Salvius, Stockholm., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358012
page(s): 48 [details] 
Description Rhizomes shortly creeping, brown. Stems 1–15 cm × 0.2–0.3 mm, tufted or sometimes solitary, 4-angled, smooth. Leaves...  
Description Rhizomes shortly creeping, brown. Stems 1–15 cm × 0.2–0.3 mm, tufted or sometimes solitary, 4-angled, smooth. Leaves reduced to bladeless sheaths up to 1 cm long, pale brown to reddish-brown; apex obliquely truncate. Inflorescence a single, terminal, ovoid to narrowly cylindric spikelet, 2.2–7.5 × 0.6–1.8(–2.2) mm. Glumes 1.5–3 × 1 mm, up to 15 per spikelet, ovate-lanceolate, obtuse to acute, sometimes emarginate, with pale brown to reddish-brown sides, green midrib and scarious margins; the lowest glume usually empty and up to 1/2 as long as the spikelet, completely surrounding its base. Flowers bisexual; perianth bristles 0–1(–4), up to 1/2 as long as nut; stamens 3, with anthers 0.9–1.2 mm long; stigmas 3. Nuts 0.7–1.05 × 0.5 mm, narrowly obovoid to obovoid-cylindric, obscurely trigonous, whitish or pale brown, finely trabeculate with longitudinal ridges and vertical lines of horizontally oblong epidermal cells; style-base small, conical, not confluent with nut. [details]

Description Perenne; rizoma de entrenudos ± largos, delgado, hasta de 0,7 mm de diámetro; raíces capilares. Tallos generalmente...  
Description Perenne; rizoma de entrenudos ± largos, delgado, hasta de 0,7 mm de diámetro; raíces capilares. Tallos generalmente capilares, de (1)4–11(22) cm × 0,2–0,7(1,5) mm, rectos o ligeramente arqueados, raramente muy curvos, angulosos, estriados cuando secos. Vainas manifiestamente escariosas, blanquecinas, a veces teñidas de rojo purpúreo hacia la base, en ocasiones deshilachadas; la superior de los tallos maduros, con la parte terminal inflada de ordinario, profundamente incisa, truncada oblicua u horizontalmente, con el ápice redondeado u obtuso. Espiguilla (1,5)3–5(6) mm, de contorno ovado a ovado-lanceolado, con (2)5–9(14) flores. Glumas (1)1,5–2(2,5) mm, en disposición helicoidal o subdisticas, ovadas, de ápice obtuso a redondeado, de color verde en el centro y pardo-rojizo obscuro en los lados, con conspicuos márgenes escariosos; la inferior rodea la espiguilla en su base, es fértil y de tamaño y coloración similar a las demás, aunque en ocasiones la banda central verde está más marcada; se observan varios nervios. Estambres 3; anteras 0,7–1,5 mm, amarillentas, apiculadas, a veces con el mucro teñido de rojo. Estilo (1)1,5–3 mm, con 3 estigmas, de rojizo a anaranjado, prontamente caduco. Aquenios 0,7–1,2(1,5) × 0,5 mm, de contorno estrechamente obovado, inflado-biconvexos o ± aparentemente de sección circular, surcados por numerosas costillas longitudinales paralelas entre sí y estrías transversales, de color blanquecino, pajizo o verdoso, a veces oliváceo cuando secos, frecuentemente con brillo iridiscente, en ocasiones translúcidos; estilopodio habitualmente hasta 0,25 mm de anchura, excepcionalmente hasta de 0,5 mm, de forma variable, desde un cono a una corona, estrangulado en la base, de blanco a verdoso oscuro, siempre más intensamente coloreado que el aquenio; cerdas 0–3, generalmente de menor longitud que el aquenio, retrorso-escábridas, blancas. 2n = 18*, 20*, n = 10*. [details]

Description Plants perennial; rhizomes 0.25–0.5 mm thick, internodes 5–15 mm, scales fugaceous, rarely evident, translucent, 2 mm....  
Description Plants perennial; rhizomes 0.25–0.5 mm thick, internodes 5–15 mm, scales fugaceous, rarely evident, translucent, 2 mm. Culms sometimes arching, smooth or 3–12-ridged, terete to sometimes distinctly compressed, 1–60 cm × 0.2–0.5(–0.7) mm, flaccid to rigid. Leaves: distal leaf sheaths persistent or fugaceous, proximally stramineous to red, distally colorless to stramineous or whitish, closely sheathing to prominently inflated, often splitting adaxially, apex rounded (to acute). Spikelets ovoid to lanceoloid or subcylindric, 2–8 × 1–2 mm, apex acute; floral scales 4–25, 4–6 per mm of rachilla, bright reddish or purplish brown to stramineous, midrib region often green, ovate, 1.5–2.5(–3.5) × 1–1.5 mm, midrib prominent to obscure, apex blunt to acute. Flowers: perianth bristles mostly absent, uncommonly 2–4, whitish to pale brownish, slender, obscurely retrorsely and spreading-spinulose, shorter than to equaling achene; stamens 3; anthers yellow to brown, 0.7–1.5 mm. Achenes with angles plus longitudinal ridges ca. 8–12, obscure to prominent, narrowly to broadly obovoid to obpyriform, 2 times to much less than 2 times longer than wide, 0.7–1.1 × 0.35–0.6 mm, trabeculae 30–60, clearly evident to crowded and obscure, spaces between trabeculae sometimes translucent. Tubercles gray to greenish or brownish, pyramidal to much depressed, (0.05–)0.1–0.2 × 0.15–0.25 mm. 2n = 20. [details]

Taxonomic remark Source in seed data: wcs Update namepublishedIn from Syst. Veg. 2: 154 1817 to Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 2: 154 (1817),...  
Taxonomic remark Source in seed data: wcs Update namepublishedIn from Syst. Veg. 2: 154 1817 to Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 2: 154 (1817), information provided by Alan E. on email Jun. 07 2021 More details could be found in [details]
Cyperaceae Working Group. (2025). [see How to cite]. Global Cyperaceae Database. Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult.. Accessed at: https://cyperaceae.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=593122 on 2026-05-30
Date
action
by
2012-01-03 09:25:43Z
created
db_admin
2023-09-05 06:47:53Z
checked
Larridon, Isabel
2024-12-10 11:47:54Z
unchecked
db_admin
2025-09-30 08:04:16Z
checked
Marco Rosado, Nuria

Creative Commons License The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License


Nomenclature

original description (of Scirpus acicularis L.) Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas ad genera relatas cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Vol 1. Salvius, Stockholm., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358012
page(s): 48 [details] 

basis of record PESI - Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure, available online at http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/ [details] 

basis of record Plants of the World Online (POWO). , available online at https://powo.science.kew.org/ [details] 

new combination reference Linné, C. V.; Römer, J. J.; Schultes, J. A.; Schultes, J. H.; Sprengel, K. P. J.;. (1817). Caroli a Linné ... Systema vegetabilium :secundum classes, ordines, genera, species. Cum characteribus, differentiis et synonymiis. vol. 2, pp. 1-964., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/719829#page/1/mode/1up
page(s): 154 [details] 

Taxonomy

taxonomy source Jermy, A.C.; Simpson, D.A.; Foley, M.J.Y.; Porter, M.S. (2007). Sedges of the British Isles. 554 pp. Botanical Society of Britain & Ireland, United Kingdom. [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

taxonomy source Luceño, M., Castroviejo, S., Jiménez-Mejías, P. (2008). Cyperaceae. In: Castroviejo, Luceño, M., Galán, A., Jiménez-Mejías, P., Cabezas, F., Medina, L. (eds). Flora iberica. Plantas vasculares de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. Vol. XVIII. Madrid: CSIC., available online at https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/records/item/12958-flora-iberica-vol-18-cyperaceae-pontederiaceae?offset=, http://www.floraiberica.es/PHP/familias_lista_.php?familia=Cyperaceae [details] 

Other

context source (RAS) Australian Antarctic Data Centre. , available online at https://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/biodiversity/ [details] 

 
 Present  Inaccurate  Introduced: alien  Containing type locality 
   

Syntype (of Scirpus acicularis L.) BM 001066950, geounit Sweden [details]
From editor or global species database
Description Rhizomes shortly creeping, brown. Stems 1–15 cm × 0.2–0.3 mm, tufted or sometimes solitary, 4-angled, smooth. Leaves reduced to bladeless sheaths up to 1 cm long, pale brown to reddish-brown; apex obliquely truncate. Inflorescence a single, terminal, ovoid to narrowly cylindric spikelet, 2.2–7.5 × 0.6–1.8(–2.2) mm. Glumes 1.5–3 × 1 mm, up to 15 per spikelet, ovate-lanceolate, obtuse to acute, sometimes emarginate, with pale brown to reddish-brown sides, green midrib and scarious margins; the lowest glume usually empty and up to 1/2 as long as the spikelet, completely surrounding its base. Flowers bisexual; perianth bristles 0–1(–4), up to 1/2 as long as nut; stamens 3, with anthers 0.9–1.2 mm long; stigmas 3. Nuts 0.7–1.05 × 0.5 mm, narrowly obovoid to obovoid-cylindric, obscurely trigonous, whitish or pale brown, finely trabeculate with longitudinal ridges and vertical lines of horizontally oblong epidermal cells; style-base small, conical, not confluent with nut. [details]

Description Perenne; rizoma de entrenudos ± largos, delgado, hasta de 0,7 mm de diámetro; raíces capilares. Tallos generalmente capilares, de (1)4–11(22) cm × 0,2–0,7(1,5) mm, rectos o ligeramente arqueados, raramente muy curvos, angulosos, estriados cuando secos. Vainas manifiestamente escariosas, blanquecinas, a veces teñidas de rojo purpúreo hacia la base, en ocasiones deshilachadas; la superior de los tallos maduros, con la parte terminal inflada de ordinario, profundamente incisa, truncada oblicua u horizontalmente, con el ápice redondeado u obtuso. Espiguilla (1,5)3–5(6) mm, de contorno ovado a ovado-lanceolado, con (2)5–9(14) flores. Glumas (1)1,5–2(2,5) mm, en disposición helicoidal o subdisticas, ovadas, de ápice obtuso a redondeado, de color verde en el centro y pardo-rojizo obscuro en los lados, con conspicuos márgenes escariosos; la inferior rodea la espiguilla en su base, es fértil y de tamaño y coloración similar a las demás, aunque en ocasiones la banda central verde está más marcada; se observan varios nervios. Estambres 3; anteras 0,7–1,5 mm, amarillentas, apiculadas, a veces con el mucro teñido de rojo. Estilo (1)1,5–3 mm, con 3 estigmas, de rojizo a anaranjado, prontamente caduco. Aquenios 0,7–1,2(1,5) × 0,5 mm, de contorno estrechamente obovado, inflado-biconvexos o ± aparentemente de sección circular, surcados por numerosas costillas longitudinales paralelas entre sí y estrías transversales, de color blanquecino, pajizo o verdoso, a veces oliváceo cuando secos, frecuentemente con brillo iridiscente, en ocasiones translúcidos; estilopodio habitualmente hasta 0,25 mm de anchura, excepcionalmente hasta de 0,5 mm, de forma variable, desde un cono a una corona, estrangulado en la base, de blanco a verdoso oscuro, siempre más intensamente coloreado que el aquenio; cerdas 0–3, generalmente de menor longitud que el aquenio, retrorso-escábridas, blancas. 2n = 18*, 20*, n = 10*. [details]

Description Plants perennial; rhizomes 0.25–0.5 mm thick, internodes 5–15 mm, scales fugaceous, rarely evident, translucent, 2 mm. Culms sometimes arching, smooth or 3–12-ridged, terete to sometimes distinctly compressed, 1–60 cm × 0.2–0.5(–0.7) mm, flaccid to rigid. Leaves: distal leaf sheaths persistent or fugaceous, proximally stramineous to red, distally colorless to stramineous or whitish, closely sheathing to prominently inflated, often splitting adaxially, apex rounded (to acute). Spikelets ovoid to lanceoloid or subcylindric, 2–8 × 1–2 mm, apex acute; floral scales 4–25, 4–6 per mm of rachilla, bright reddish or purplish brown to stramineous, midrib region often green, ovate, 1.5–2.5(–3.5) × 1–1.5 mm, midrib prominent to obscure, apex blunt to acute. Flowers: perianth bristles mostly absent, uncommonly 2–4, whitish to pale brownish, slender, obscurely retrorsely and spreading-spinulose, shorter than to equaling achene; stamens 3; anthers yellow to brown, 0.7–1.5 mm. Achenes with angles plus longitudinal ridges ca. 8–12, obscure to prominent, narrowly to broadly obovoid to obpyriform, 2 times to much less than 2 times longer than wide, 0.7–1.1 × 0.35–0.6 mm, trabeculae 30–60, clearly evident to crowded and obscure, spaces between trabeculae sometimes translucent. Tubercles gray to greenish or brownish, pyramidal to much depressed, (0.05–)0.1–0.2 × 0.15–0.25 mm. 2n = 20. [details]

Taxonomic remark Source in seed data: wcs Update namepublishedIn from Syst. Veg. 2: 154 1817 to Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 2: 154 (1817), information provided by Alan E. on email Jun. 07 2021 More details could be found in [details]

Translation Perennial; rhizome with ± long internodes, slender, up to 0.7 mm in diameter; roots capillary. Culms generally capillary, (1)4–11(22) cm × 0.2–0.7(1.5) mm, straight or slightly arched, rarely strongly curved, angular, striate when dry. Sheaths clearly scarious, whitish, sometimes tinged purplish red toward the base, occasionally frayed; the upper sheath of mature culms usually with the terminal part inflated, deeply incised, obliquely or horizontally truncate, with a rounded or obtuse apex. Spikelet (1.5)3–5(6) mm, ovate to ovate-lanceolate in outline, with (2)5–9(14) flowers. Glumes (1)1.5–2(2.5) mm, arranged helicoidally or subdistichously, ovate, with obtuse to rounded apex, green in the center and dark reddish-brown on the sides, with conspicuous scarious margins; the lower glume surrounds the spikelet at the base, fertile and similar in size and coloration to the others, though sometimes with a more marked green central band; several nerves visible. Stamens 3; anthers 0.7–1.5 mm, yellowish, apiculate, sometimes with the mucro tinged red. Style (1)1.5–3 mm, with 3 stigmas, reddish to orange, soon caducous. Achenes 0.7–1.2(1.5) × 0.5 mm, narrowly obovoid in outline, inflated-biconvex or ± appearing circular in cross-section, grooved by numerous parallel longitudinal ribs and transverse striations, whitish, straw-colored or greenish, sometimes olivaceous when dry, often with iridescent sheen, occasionally translucent; stylopodium usually up to 0.25 mm wide, exceptionally up to 0.5 mm, variable in shape, from conical to crown-like, constricted at the base, white to dark greenish, always more intensely colored than the achene; bristles 0–3, generally shorter than the achene, retrorsely scabrous, white. 2n = 18, 20*, n = 10*.* [details]
    Definitions

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LanguageName 
Swedish nålsäv  [details]
To Barcode of Life (33 barcodes) 
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (13 publications) (from synonym Chaetocyperus acicularis (L.) Nees)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (18 publications) (from synonym Clavula acicularis (L.) Dumort.)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (2 publications) (from synonym Trichophyllum aciculare (L.) House)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (21 publications) (from synonym Mariscus acicularis (L.) Moench)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (32 publications) (from synonym Limnochloa acicularis (L.) Rchb.)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (41 publications) (from synonym Isolepis acicularis (L.) Schltdl.)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (48 publications) (from synonym Scirpidium aciculare (L.) Nees)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (55 publications) (from synonym Cyperus acicularis (L.) With.)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (602 publications) (from synonym Scirpus acicularis L.)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (888 publications) 
To Dyntaxa 
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Eleocharis acicularis) 
To GenBank (85 nucleotides; 62 proteins) 
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) 
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Cyperus acicularis (L.) With.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Isolepis acicularis (L.) Schltdl.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Chaetocyperus acicularis (L.) Nees)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Clavula acicularis (L.) Dumort.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Limnochloa acicularis (L.) Rchb.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Mariscus acicularis (L.) Moench)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Trichophyllum aciculare (L.) House)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Scirpidium aciculare (L.) Nees)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Scirpus acicularis L.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Eleocharis acicularis var. typica Svenson)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Eleocharis acicularis f. submersa Ostenf.)
To IUCN Red List (Least Concern) 
To NHMUK collection (Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult.; NHMUK:ecatalogue:9113001) 
To Plants of the World Online 
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Clavula acicularis (L.) Dumort.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Chaetocyperus acicularis (L.) Nees)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Scirpidium aciculare (L.) Nees)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Limnochloa acicularis (L.) Rchb.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Mariscus acicularis (L.) Moench)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Cyperus acicularis (L.) With.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Isolepis acicularis (L.) Schltdl.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Eleocharis acicularis var. typica Svenson)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Scirpus acicularis L.)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Trichophyllum aciculare (L.) House)
To Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Eleocharis acicularis K000881795 type 1) 
To the Natural History Museum, London (Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult. BM000990847 type 1) 
To the Natural History Museum, London (Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult. BM000990848 type 1) 
To the Natural History Museum, London (Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult. BM001066948 type 1) 
To the Natural History Museum, London (Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult. BM001066949 type 1) 
To the Natural History Museum, London (Scirpus acicularis L. BM001066950 type 1) (from synonym Scirpus acicularis L.)
To The Plant List (from synonym Eleocharis acicularis var. fluitans Döll)
To The Plant List (from synonym Eleocharis acicularis f. submersa Ostenf.)
To The Plant List (from synonym Scirpus acicularis f. submersa (Nilsson) Norman)
To The Plant List (from synonym Eleocharis acicularis f. acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult.)
To ITIS
From editor or global species database
Unreviewed
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