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Cyperaceae taxon details

Cladium mariscus (L.) Pohl

To NHMUK collection (Cladium jamaicense Crantz; Type; NHMUK:ecatalogue:632804)
To NHMUK collection (Cladium jamaicense Crantz; Type; NHMUK:ecatalogue:632804)

1491845  (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:1491845)

  1. Biota
  2. Plantae (Kingdom)
  3. Viridiplantae (Subkingdom)
  4. Streptophyta (Infrakingdom)
  5. Tracheophyta (Phylum (Division))
  6. Spermatophytina (Subphylum (Subdivision))
  7. Magnoliopsida (Class)
  8. Lilianae (Superorder)
  9. Poales (Order)
  10. Cyperaceae (Family)
  11. Cladieae (Tribe)
  12. Cladium (Genus)
  13. Cladium mariscus (Species)
accepted
Species

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terrestrial
(of Schoenus mariscus L.) Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas ad genera relatas cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Vol 1. Salvius, Stockholm., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358012
page(s): 42 [details] 
Lectotype  (of Schoenus mariscus L.) LINN -HL68-1  
Lectotype (of Schoenus mariscus L.) LINN -HL68-1 [details]
Description Rhizomes ± creeping, c. 8 mm in diameter, covered in purplish-brown scales. Stems up to 200 cm × 3–8 mm, solitary to...  
Description Rhizomes ± creeping, c. 8 mm in diameter, covered in purplish-brown scales. Stems up to 200 cm × 3–8 mm, solitary to loosely tufted, hollow, terete, finely ridged. Leaves mostly basal, 2–3 cauline, up to 200 cm × 5–20 mm, gradually narrowed, acute, flat, somewhat glaucous; margins and keel sharply serrate; sheath up to 20 cm long, reddish-brown, splitting early; ligule absent. Inflorescence paniculate, 30–70 × 5–12 cm; nodes up to 7, rather distant, each subtending a corymbose partial inflorescence, with dense to rather open branches; primary branches 1–2, 3.5–12 cm long; secondary branches up to 12, 0.5–7 cm long, subtending compact, ovoid to ± globose clusters of spikelets 4–10 cm; involucral bracts leaf-like, lowest up to 95 cm long. Spikelets up to 15 per cluster, 2–5 × 0.7–2 mm, ovoid, terete, 2–4-flowered. Glumes 2–4 × 1.5–3 mm, increasing in size towards spikelet apex, ovate, papery, nerveless except for indistinct midrib, mid brown; apex obtuse to acute. Flowers bisexual; perianth bristles 0; stamens 2; anthers 2–3 mm long, with prominent, reddish, densely papillose connective tip; stigmas 3. Nuts 1.5–3 mm (excluding style-base) × 1.5–1.7 mm, ellipsoid to ovoid, terete, shiny, smooth, with a small saucer-shaped disk at base and conical apex; style-base persistent, c. 0.5 mm. [details]

Description Herbácea, perenne; rizoma horizontal, escamoso, ramificado, del que salen de nuevos tallos que forman macollas. Tallos...  
Description Herbácea, perenne; rizoma horizontal, escamoso, ramificado, del que salen de nuevos tallos que forman macollas. Tallos robustos, hasta de 2(2,5) m, erguidos, cilíndricos, ± trígonos hacia el ápice. Hojas muy duraderas —pueden permanecer varios años sin secarse— repartidas a lo largo de todo el tallo; limbo hasta 160(200) × 1,5 cm, plano, atenuado en un ápice triquetro, con los márgenes y el nervio central densamente antrorso-escábridos, que los hacen cortantes; vainas de color pardo oscuro en las hojas inferiores y verdosas en las superiores. Inflorescencia en panícula compuesta, de tamaño muy variable, hasta 50 cm; brácteas foliáceas, que puede alcanzar los 50(70) cm, repartidas a lo largo de toda la inflorescencia; espiguillas 2,8–3,5 mm, agrupadas en fascículos en número de 10–25, lanceoladas, agudas, de color pardo rojizo, con 5–7 glumas. Glumas persistentes, las 2–4 inferiores, más pequeñas, generalmente estériles, las restantes fértiles, a veces las 1–2 terminales masculinas. Estambres 2. Estilo con 2–3 estigmas. Aquenios hasta 3 × 1,8 mm, ovoides, de subtrígonos a biconvexos, lisos, a veces algo carnositos, de color pardo oscuro, brillantes. 2n = 36*, c. 60*. [details]

Description Perennial, to more than 1 m, forming large pure stands. Rhizome creeping or stoloniferous, sturdy. Stem to c. 6 mm diam.,...  
Description Perennial, to more than 1 m, forming large pure stands. Rhizome creeping or stoloniferous, sturdy. Stem to c. 6 mm diam., with more than 10 internodes, terete, hollow, smooth, grey green. Leaves arranged spirally along whole stem length, up to nearly equalling stem; basal sheaths, e.g., 15 cm, hard, persistent, grey-brown or blackish brown; ligule 0; blades often more than 50 cm, 5-9 mm wide, unifacial, flat or folded, grey-green, midrib below and margins sharply scabrous, apex long-attenuate, trigonous, scabrous. Inflorescence of partial inflorescences in more than 6 leaf axils, upper overlapping; bracts much longer than partial inflorescence, except at stem apex; partial inflorescence a compound anthelodium, occasionally much elongated, to 15 x 10 cm, peduncle to 25 cm; primary branches (0-) 25-100 mm, secondary branches to 35 mm, ending with cluster of spikes or tertiary anthelodium, tertiary branches to 15 mm, mostly ending with cluster of spikes; ultimate branches with bracts, 3-5 mm, and tubular prophyll; cluster of spikes by 3-14, mostly sessile spikes; spike fusiform, c. 4 mm, glume-like bract c. 1 mm, glume-like prophyll c. 1 mm; lowest 2-3 glumes sterile, 1.2-3 mm, in axil of 4th glume a unisexual flower with two stamens (occasionally bisexual); in axil of 5th glume a bisexual flower with, mostly, two stamens and pistill, mostly tristigmatic. Nut 2.9-3.3 x 1.4-1.6 mm, fusiform, yellow brown, smooth, glossy, base more or less differentiated disc, apex conical. [details]

Taxonomic remark Source in seed data: wcs Updated scientificnameAuthorship from (L.) Pohl to Pohl, information provided by Alan E. on email...  
Taxonomic remark Source in seed data: wcs Updated scientificnameAuthorship from (L.) Pohl to Pohl, information provided by Alan E. on email Oct. 12 2020 More details could be found in The Plant List v.1.1. [details]
Cyperaceae Working Group. (2025). [see How to cite]. Global Cyperaceae Database. Cladium mariscus (L.) Pohl. Accessed at: https://cyperaceae.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1491845 on 2026-06-03
Date
action
by
2021-03-16 12:37:04Z
created
db_admin
2023-09-05 06:47:53Z
checked
Larridon, Isabel
2024-12-10 11:47:54Z
unchecked
db_admin
2025-10-24 09:46:00Z
checked
Marco Rosado, Nuria

Creative Commons License The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License


Nomenclature

original description (of Schoenus mariscus L.) Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas ad genera relatas cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Vol 1. Salvius, Stockholm., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358012
page(s): 42 [details] 

basis of record Plants of the World Online (POWO). , available online at https://powo.science.kew.org/ [details] 

new combination reference Pohl, J. B. E. (1809). Tentamen Florae Bohemicae. 1.
page(s): 32 [details] 

Taxonomy

taxonomy source Jermy, A.C.; Simpson, D.A.; Foley, M.J.Y.; Porter, M.S. (2007). Sedges of the British Isles. 554 pp. Botanical Society of Britain & Ireland, United Kingdom. [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

taxonomy source Luceño, M., Castroviejo, S., Jiménez-Mejías, P. (2008). Cyperaceae. In: Castroviejo, Luceño, M., Galán, A., Jiménez-Mejías, P., Cabezas, F., Medina, L. (eds). Flora iberica. Plantas vasculares de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. Vol. XVIII. Madrid: CSIC., available online at https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/records/item/12958-flora-iberica-vol-18-cyperaceae-pontederiaceae?offset=, http://www.floraiberica.es/PHP/familias_lista_.php?familia=Cyperaceae [details] 

Other

additional source Li, B. Z.; Zhang, S. R. (2024). An updated species checklist and taxonomic synopsis of Cyperaceae in China. <em>Biodiversity Science.</em> 32(7): 24106., available online at https://doi.org/10.17520/biods.2024106 [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

 
 Present  Inaccurate  Introduced: alien  Containing type locality 
   

Lectotype (of Schoenus mariscus L.) LINN -HL68-1 [details]
From editor or global species database
Description Rhizomes ± creeping, c. 8 mm in diameter, covered in purplish-brown scales. Stems up to 200 cm × 3–8 mm, solitary to loosely tufted, hollow, terete, finely ridged. Leaves mostly basal, 2–3 cauline, up to 200 cm × 5–20 mm, gradually narrowed, acute, flat, somewhat glaucous; margins and keel sharply serrate; sheath up to 20 cm long, reddish-brown, splitting early; ligule absent. Inflorescence paniculate, 30–70 × 5–12 cm; nodes up to 7, rather distant, each subtending a corymbose partial inflorescence, with dense to rather open branches; primary branches 1–2, 3.5–12 cm long; secondary branches up to 12, 0.5–7 cm long, subtending compact, ovoid to ± globose clusters of spikelets 4–10 cm; involucral bracts leaf-like, lowest up to 95 cm long. Spikelets up to 15 per cluster, 2–5 × 0.7–2 mm, ovoid, terete, 2–4-flowered. Glumes 2–4 × 1.5–3 mm, increasing in size towards spikelet apex, ovate, papery, nerveless except for indistinct midrib, mid brown; apex obtuse to acute. Flowers bisexual; perianth bristles 0; stamens 2; anthers 2–3 mm long, with prominent, reddish, densely papillose connective tip; stigmas 3. Nuts 1.5–3 mm (excluding style-base) × 1.5–1.7 mm, ellipsoid to ovoid, terete, shiny, smooth, with a small saucer-shaped disk at base and conical apex; style-base persistent, c. 0.5 mm. [details]

Description Herbácea, perenne; rizoma horizontal, escamoso, ramificado, del que salen de nuevos tallos que forman macollas. Tallos robustos, hasta de 2(2,5) m, erguidos, cilíndricos, ± trígonos hacia el ápice. Hojas muy duraderas —pueden permanecer varios años sin secarse— repartidas a lo largo de todo el tallo; limbo hasta 160(200) × 1,5 cm, plano, atenuado en un ápice triquetro, con los márgenes y el nervio central densamente antrorso-escábridos, que los hacen cortantes; vainas de color pardo oscuro en las hojas inferiores y verdosas en las superiores. Inflorescencia en panícula compuesta, de tamaño muy variable, hasta 50 cm; brácteas foliáceas, que puede alcanzar los 50(70) cm, repartidas a lo largo de toda la inflorescencia; espiguillas 2,8–3,5 mm, agrupadas en fascículos en número de 10–25, lanceoladas, agudas, de color pardo rojizo, con 5–7 glumas. Glumas persistentes, las 2–4 inferiores, más pequeñas, generalmente estériles, las restantes fértiles, a veces las 1–2 terminales masculinas. Estambres 2. Estilo con 2–3 estigmas. Aquenios hasta 3 × 1,8 mm, ovoides, de subtrígonos a biconvexos, lisos, a veces algo carnositos, de color pardo oscuro, brillantes. 2n = 36*, c. 60*. [details]

Description Perennial, to more than 1 m, forming large pure stands. Rhizome creeping or stoloniferous, sturdy. Stem to c. 6 mm diam., with more than 10 internodes, terete, hollow, smooth, grey green. Leaves arranged spirally along whole stem length, up to nearly equalling stem; basal sheaths, e.g., 15 cm, hard, persistent, grey-brown or blackish brown; ligule 0; blades often more than 50 cm, 5-9 mm wide, unifacial, flat or folded, grey-green, midrib below and margins sharply scabrous, apex long-attenuate, trigonous, scabrous. Inflorescence of partial inflorescences in more than 6 leaf axils, upper overlapping; bracts much longer than partial inflorescence, except at stem apex; partial inflorescence a compound anthelodium, occasionally much elongated, to 15 x 10 cm, peduncle to 25 cm; primary branches (0-) 25-100 mm, secondary branches to 35 mm, ending with cluster of spikes or tertiary anthelodium, tertiary branches to 15 mm, mostly ending with cluster of spikes; ultimate branches with bracts, 3-5 mm, and tubular prophyll; cluster of spikes by 3-14, mostly sessile spikes; spike fusiform, c. 4 mm, glume-like bract c. 1 mm, glume-like prophyll c. 1 mm; lowest 2-3 glumes sterile, 1.2-3 mm, in axil of 4th glume a unisexual flower with two stamens (occasionally bisexual); in axil of 5th glume a bisexual flower with, mostly, two stamens and pistill, mostly tristigmatic. Nut 2.9-3.3 x 1.4-1.6 mm, fusiform, yellow brown, smooth, glossy, base more or less differentiated disc, apex conical. [details]

Taxonomic remark Source in seed data: wcs Updated scientificnameAuthorship from (L.) Pohl to Pohl, information provided by Alan E. on email Oct. 12 2020 More details could be found in The Plant List v.1.1. [details]

Translation Herbaceous, perennial; rhizome horizontal, scaly, branched, from which new shoots arise forming tussocks. Stems robust, up to 2(2.5) m, erect, cylindrical, ± trigonous towards the apex. Leaves very persistent —they may remain for several years without drying— distributed along the entire stem; blade up to 160(200) × 1.5 cm, flat, tapering to a triquetrous apex, with margins and midrib densely antrorsely scabrid, making them cutting; sheaths dark brown on the lower leaves and greenish on the upper ones. Inflorescence a compound panicle, very variable in size, up to 50 cm; bracts leafy, up to 50(70) cm long, distributed along the whole inflorescence; spikelets 2.8–3.5 mm, grouped into fascicles numbering 10–25, lanceolate, acute, reddish-brown, with 5–7 glumes. Glumes persistent, the lower 2–4 smaller and generally sterile, the remaining ones fertile, sometimes the terminal 1–2 male. Stamens 2. Style with 2–3 stigmas. Achenes up to 3 × 1.8 mm, ovoid, subtrigonous to biconvex, smooth, sometimes slightly fleshy, dark brown, glossy. 2n = 36*, c. 60*. [details]
    Definitions

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LanguageName 
English saw grass [from synonym]prickly sedge [from synonym]  [details]
To Barcode of Life (2 barcodes) (from synonym Cladium jamaicense Crantz)
To Barcode of Life (36 barcodes) 
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (118 publications) (from synonym Schoenus mariscus L.)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (234 publications) (from synonym Cladium jamaicense Crantz)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (478 publications) 
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Cladium jamaicense) (from synonym Cladium jamaicense Crantz)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Cladium mariscus) 
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) 
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Cladium jamaicense Crantz)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Schoenus mariscus L.)
To International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (from synonym Mariscus mariscus (L.) Borbás)
To IUCN Red List (Least Concern) 
To NHMUK collection (Cladium jamaicense Crantz; Type; NHMUK:ecatalogue:632804) (from synonym Cladium jamaicense Crantz)
To NHMUK collection (Cladium mariscus (L.) Pohl; NHMUK:ecatalogue:9089093) 
To Plants of the World Online 
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Mariscus mariscus (L.) Borbás)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Cladium jamaicense Crantz)
To Plants of the World Online (from synonym Schoenus mariscus L.)
To Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Cladium jamaicense K000189339 type 1) (from synonym Cladium jamaicense Crantz)
To the Natural History Museum, London (Cladium jamaicense Crantz BM000991063 type 1) (from synonym Cladium jamaicense Crantz)
To the Natural History Museum, London (Cladium jamaicense Crantz BM000991064 type 1) (from synonym Cladium jamaicense Crantz)
To the Natural History Museum, London (Cladium jamaicense Crantz BM000991065 type 1) (from synonym Cladium jamaicense Crantz)
To the Natural History Museum, London (Cladium jamaicense Crantz BM000991066 type 1) (from synonym Cladium jamaicense Crantz)
To the Natural History Museum, London (Cladium mariscus (L.) Pohl BM001067020 type 1) 
From editor or global species database
Unreviewed
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